Why Did the U.S. become an Imperial Power free essay sample

Americans had consistently tried to grow the size of their country, and all through the nineteenth century they expanded their control toward the Pacific Ocean. In any case, by the 1880’s, numerous American heads had become persuaded that the United States should join the radical forces of Europe and set up provinces abroad. Colonialism, the strategy wherein more grounded countries broaden their monetary, political, and social authority over more vulnerable regions, was at that point a pattern the world over. Most Americans bit by bit warmed to the possibility of development abroad. With a confidence in show predetermination, they previously had pushed the U.S. outskirt to the Pacific Ocean. Seeing that different countries were setting up a worldwide military nearness, American pioneers exhorted that the United States develop its own military quality. One such pioneer was Admiral Alfred T. Mahan of the U.S. Naval force. Mahan encouraged government authority to develop American maritime force so as to rival other amazing countries. We will compose a custom exposition test on For what reason Did the U.S. become an Imperial Power? or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Because of the asking of Mahan and others, the United States fabricated nine steel-hulled cruisers somewhere in the range of 1883 and 1890. The development of current war vessels, for example, the Maine and the Oregon changed the nation into the world’s third biggest maritime force. In the late nineteenth century, progresses in innovation empowered American ranches and manufacturing plants to create definitely beyond what American residents could devour. Presently the United States required crude materials for its processing plants and new markets for its farming and fabricated merchandise. Colonialists saw outside exchanges the answer for American overproduction and the related issues of joblessness and financial downturn. Social factors likewise were utilized to legitimize colonialism. A few Americans consolidated the way of thinking of Social Darwinism, a conviction that free-showcase rivalry would prompt natural selection, with a confidence in the racial predominance of Anglo-Saxons. They contended that the United States had a duty to spread Christianity and â€Å"civilization† to the universes â€Å"inferior peoples.† This perspective barely characterized â€Å"civilization† as per the principles of just one culture. The United States sought after and accomplished a few international strategy objectives in the mid twentieth century. Americans put stock in the prevalence of free-endeavor majority rule government, and the American government endeavored to expand the span of this monetary and political framework, even through equipped mediation. To begin with, it extended its entrance to remote markets so as to guarantee the proceeded with development of the household economy. Second, the United States constructed an advanced naval force to secure its inclinations abroad. Third, the United States practiced its worldwide police capacity to guarantee strength in Latin America.

Kidzbop free essay sample

l, Kate am the mother of both Kate and Bob. The explanation I am endeavoring to get in touch with you indeed is in regards to them two have never gotten their prizes for challenges they won or set in. In Sheathes had won second spot in the l Love Justine Belier Super Contest in November 2012. I had gotten an email with respect to this (while I was In the clinic) and upon discharge from the emergency clinic we took the Affidavit of Eligibility ND Allowably/Publicly Release to the JAG Judge Advocate General Corps) office here on the army base to have It notarized.Then, we faxed, messaged and sent It back to you (so all bases were secured). We have not once heard nothing back and Kate never got the Nook, nor the marked duplicate of Justine Babblers 100% authority book Just Getting Started, nor the Barnes Noble $50 gift voucher , and didnt get the Kid Bop 20, 21 and 22. We will compose a custom paper test on Kidzbop or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page However, she couldnt participate in any longer challenges even pass the 6 onto period when she tried.So, would you be able to please mention to me what occurred and what is happening I have faxed as of now and messaged once in regards to this once as of now (as educated to do by JAG) yet safe house heard nothing back. It has now been 1 year and 2 months since our girl Kate won this challenge. This should be settled! Also our little girl Bob won third spot in the challenge Its Always Summer In Atlantis Super Contest.

Harley Davidson Five Forces Analysis Essay Example for Free

Harley Davidson Five Forces Analysis Essay In our present serious world in the business where client inclinations are persistently changing, costs of crude materials and cost of work are expanding and worldwide economy is getting flimsy, it is constantly been a troublesome errand for organizations to remain and perform business. Also, these hindrances have been a recognizable scene in the worldwide business. That is the reason for most organizations so as to conquer such of these troublesome difficulties, inventiveness and the longing to be basic and generally anticipative of the adjustments in the business and the entire worldwide economy is exceptionally essential. Much the same as for Harley Davidson as the primary focal point of this examination, despite the fact that the organization at present built up itself for being the profoundly appraised cruiser brand on the planet, it is as yet insufficient for the organization to be loose and feel that they can be beneficial and alluring to the market as years goes on. That is the reason in this paper it will legitimately concentrate on how do Harley Davidson’s contenders are doing at the present, what are a portion of the procedures that they do to contend. With this data about the contenders, how does this data be utilized by the organization regarding open doors for them to utilize it as a technique against them? Likewise, utilizing this data to deal with future dangers also, this is with the goal for them to envision and give some quick activities. In the second piece of this paper, it will concentrate on how the organization can apply Porters five powers instrument so as to ceaselessly accomplish upper hand over its rivals. Likewise at the second piece of this examination it will talk about on how cruiser organizations like Harley Davidson, can at present win better than expected return despite the fact that the organization falls at the very good quality market with additional on the lavish and diversion side and not as need for clients. Additionally, with that, what are the entertainers or benefactors that will prompt that end or will help achieve that objective? Investigation of Harley Davidson’s Major Competitors As the pioneer and one of the most established known brands in the bike business on the planet, Harley Owners Group has been in the business since 1983 and because of its developing impact around the world, it as of now has more than 1,000 sections and over a million individuals around the world. Be that as it may, not the entirety of its individuals own a bicycle; it is just the notoriety and regard about the Harley machines that caused them to choose to be a part. As one of the quality of the organization, it has been consistently build up its image as the main brand on the planet, with more than 5 billion USD yearly income every year. As far as its rivals, the companys primary contenders, most exceptionally as far as configuration are the accompanying: BMW, Victory, Honda, Suzuki and Yamaha, yet among these rundowns, Honda has become the nearest and hardest contender of Harley Davidsons bikes. (Harley Davidson Motorcycle, n. d. ). With the companys fundamental spotlight on plan, quality and most uniquely solidness, it constantly has been in the bleeding edge of the very good quality and lavish cruiser business on the planet. That is additionally why 80% of the absolute income of the organization originates from bike deals. Concerning the company’s contender, despite the fact that the organization obviously overwhelms the American market as its source, which has enlisted in the 2006 piece of the pie, the organization has gobbled up half of the market or half while far second and third are Honda and Suzuki with 15. 1% and 12. 9% individually. In any case, the inquiry presently isn't only the American market however rather what this paper is centering is the thing that the contenders are doing in the worldwide scene. Which is really littler, as for Canadian market, it drops to 38. 4% still moderately high, however what is all the more disturbing and should be center around by the organization is on the European market which is just 10. 2%, yet at the same time the organization has a discernibly high piece of the overall industry all around as it produces at a normal of 33%. What's more, this is additionally disturbing in light of the fact that it will likewise follows that the companys net income development likewise shows exceptionally little in other significant locales on the planet. With this occasion, it is essential for the organization that it needs to reinforce its quality in these fundamental local markets, on the grounds that over the long haul, it will be an issue that the organization needs to concentrate on. The two fundamental reasons why these contenders beginning to lure significant number of clients are: (1) they have more noteworthy money related assets, as Honda and Suzuki, with their worldwide nearness, they have enough budgetary help in each district that they work. Which means to state these organizations realizes that they realize how to utilize their cash in alluring potential clients and holding current clients too and they can even contend with cost and that will before long be a major issue with Harley Davidson, since the opposition is on the most proficient method to improve with innovatively subsidized investigations that will in any case give quality just as make the item still not excessively so costly. Finally, (2) these organizations, as Honda and Suzuki are clearly more differing than Harley Davidson; they sell a ton of items with a ton of brands and decisions that clients can pick, from vehicles, to basic bikes up to top of the line sumptuous brands of motorbikes and not just that with wide assortment of decisions to look over. This is another major issue by the organization over the long haul, since these contenders knows how they can be all around trusted by the clients and on the off chance that you made such items with quality in every last bit of it, it will be a positive sign for these organizations and that will make issue for the organization. With these two primary reasons, Harley Davidson needs to detail a technique that will address these issues all together not to additionally include issue later on and furthermore not to hold up until the companys edge in the worldwide market be expelled or if nothing else be decreased. Likewise, in light of this examination, the organization should likewise glance forward in tending to these issues while they are still space to work because of its proceeding with edge in the worldwide market. (Harley Davidson (HOG), n. d. ). In the second piece of this paper, the fundamental spotlight is on how the organization can successfully apply Porters fiver powers model in accomplishing upper hand. The five powers of Porters strategy that are prominently applied by organizations are: (1) Potential contestants, (2) Buyers, (3) Substitutes, (4) Suppliers, and (5) Industry contenders. In every one of these five powers, there is a significant factor that adds to the achievement or disappointment of every power and this will be examined independently with respect to how the organization can viably apply it. In the section obstruction, where it chiefly center around the potential passage of new items or brands, the organization must keep on being expert dynamic in this part as the contenders are getting exceptionally forceful here. What Harley Davidson ought to do is to build the client attention to their bike image in a portion of the districts that they are beginning to have an exceptionally low piece of the overall industry like in the European and Asian market. Examining cost advantage and moderately access to dissemination are two of the most significant center that the organization ought to do. Likewise, can be added to that is to have an in-dept concentrate on the Government approaches which may be the impact of low piece of the overall industry, in light of the fact that the domains that the organization works should likewise should be very much spoken to and not simply setting up a business. In the contention determinants, which predominantly center around both the business contenders and new contestant powers, the organization ought to be chiefly center as normal around how they can have advantage over its rivals by not just foreseeing future difficulties and advancement that their rivals may bring yet in addition have the option to build up an all around characterized advertising and innovative work study that will help the organization certain enough in managing the market.â particularly, the variables that it needs to center are: industry development, consistently look on the possibilities in the business and be first in detailing it to the market, item contrasts, now, which is as of now been the quality of the organization, yet at the same time needs to accomplish more and that is imaginativeness where it likewise been the primary focal point of its rivals. The organization must look on how they can give its customers new and alluring structures, however it ought t o likewise need to look on the cost side too. What's more, in conclusion, is exchanging costs, for any organization there ought to likewise be some insightful cost concentrate on how the organization can in any case be valued by the clients and these can either originate from administration and parts and obviously these ought to be very much went with amazing assistance and accessibility of parts which is additionally a major factor during genuine rivalry. In the side of danger, what the organization should look carefully on how the inventive pattern and evaluating methodology pattern that contenders is doing. More often than not these is what is being objective to Harley Davidson, since it has been perceived as an over the top expensive brand and simultaneously more on regarding customary plan, contenders contend through these elements. In this way, what the organization needs is that they need to foresee these by presenting new and imaginative styles and simultaneously concentrate a few prospects of offering some not all that significant expense brands which may likewise give extra influence for the organization. Another significant examination and significant favorable position of Porters Five Forces is provider power, in this side it is additionally significant for the organization not exclusively to search for the most effective provider yet in addition concentrate intently regarding cost. Harley Davidson must be cautious in shaping up concurrence with providers. Like they can have worldwide organization with certain providers, most uniquely if a portion of these providers are demonstrated that they work well for the organization. This diminishes the expense by having various providers in the various locales. That is the reason there are two different ways that the organization may apply: (1) t

Fascinating Argumentative Essay Sample Abortion Shouldnt be Legal

Argumentative Essay Sample Abortion Shouldn't be Legal Introduction A young woman from California was cramping and bleeding in a toilet at her friends house, trying to abort her baby. Ironically, it was her birthday; however, instead of celebrating her own birth, she was deliberately making sure that a life which was growing inside her would never have a birthday to celebrate. Despite having a successful abortion, she could not get over the grief and guilty feeling for killing an innocent life. It is not the first case. There are many women in the world who opt for abortion due to immense pressure from society and fear to stand against the majority. Many of such women agree that they regret their decision and would not take such a step, if abortion was not legal. Therefore, abortion should not be legal. Even unborn babies are human beings with the fundamental human right to life and it needs to be conserved.

Essay about Importance of Environment in Shakespeares...

Importance of Environment in The Tempest The island is full of noises; Sounds and sweet airs, that give delight,† says Caliban. The responses which the characters in The Tempest offer to their immediate surroundings reveal much about their individual traits, at the same time they allow the audience glimpses of Prosperos island as different parts of the island are isolated in the play. The island itself and the sea that surrounds it may be seen as encompassing elemental nature and throughout the play, the elements are used to emphasize the inherent nature of characters (notably Ariel and Caliban) as these elements to an Elizabethan audience possessed primarily certain qualities attributable to matter (Tillyards Elizabethan†¦show more content†¦In placing the court party in an environment which is in stark contrast to the elaborate court from which they came and also the source of Antonios treacherous behavior, their barren surroundings are an apt setting for change to be initiated and recognized, most notably in Alonso. As the rest of the court party sleeps, Antonio is placed in a situation where Prospero may observe Antonios genuine lack of repentance for his past sins. Similarly, he deliberately places Caliban with Trinculo and Stephano, which affords Caliban the opportunity to gain more valuable self-knowledge. Caliban has been shown to be highly passionate in his response to stimulus, as seen in his lustful intent on Miranda, but does not know the reason why this is wrong, Prospero creates an opportunity where he could possibly become a better judge of people. The atmosphere surrounding a character often reflects his state of mind. Alonsos barren surroundings reflect the infinite loss and sadness over the presumed death of Ferdinand. The temporary respite, from the burdens of ruler that Prospero enjoys during the performance of the betrothal masque, is manifest in the joyous and celebratory mood created by the pastoral imagery in the songs and performance. 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Literary Techniques Edgar Allan Poe And Richard Connell

Macabre; a word meaning disturbing and horrifying through the depiction of death or injury, is not the easiest word for a writer to portray. However, while it may not be easy to show through words, it isn’t impossible. There are two main ways an author can give an overall feeling of macabre; literary style and technique. Only the most skilled authors have successfully used various literary elements, like suspense and foreshadowing, to create ageless stories and earn a position in the history of literature. Well known authors, such as Edgar Allan Poe and Richard Connell, use specific literary techniques to inspire and horrify young minds through their timeless works of literature. Biography of Edgar A. Poe To start, Edgar Allan Poe suffered through tragedy, poverty, and failure most of his life, all trials that would mold him into a master of macabre literature. In January of 1809, Edgar Allan Poe, writer and poet, â€Å"†¦was born in Boston, Massachusetts. Poe’s father and mother, both professional actors, died before the poet was three years old, and John and Frances Allan raised him as a foster child in Richmond, Virginia.†(â€Å"Edgar Allan Poe†). Poe never truly knew his parents before they tragically passed on. Yet, being almost three years of age, he did have some sense of loss, an emotion often present in his short stories and poems. About thirty years later, Poe found himself burdened by poverty, and in 1842, his wife, the person who brought him peace at this time, wasShow MoreRelatedInfluence Of A Life By Richard Connell And Edgar Allan Poe1600 Words   |  7 PagesLife Richard Connell and Edgar Allan Poe, two of the most famous authors at the time, are recognize by the different types of literature they wrote. Several of these pieces are still popular today. In many cases the life of the author can impact the different themes, or the techniques they use in their stories. Richard Connell’s and Edgar Allan Poe’s backgrounds reflects in the writing techniques they used to captivate their audience. Biography of Richard Connell The famous writer Richard Connell

Strategic Emergent Construction Procurement â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Strategic Emergent Construction Procurement? Answer: Introduction The methods of procurement have not been modified considerably through the past 20 years. Although, overruns of costs and time still remain prevalent through the whole industry. Disputes have often arisen and in an action to lower these incidents of cost and time overruns, procurement methods like alliancing and partnering have been recently advocated. However, not all procurement methods for projects of particular types because the priorities and objectives of clients often differ invariably. The choice of a procurement system arises from an effective match between the objectives of the clients and their priorities. It is an essential requirement that all the characteristics of several procurement methods. The methods of selection that are available should be properly understood by the clients before selection. The report presents the characteristics of the modern procurement systems discussing their advantages and disadvantages. The methods are steered by the government guidelines and the Australian Local Government Procurement Guide and the Western Australian Department of housing and works. Procurement strategy Constructing a new building is necessary when there is no other existing building. A situation where a building already exists and seems that it will meet the needs of the client will only necessitate adapting or renovating(Roberts, 2010). A project is implemented to deliver auditing solutions to the particular needs of the client whether investment, improving efficiency or expansion. A client can decide to opt for a new building to forego renting, purchasing an existing structure from real estate and leasing. Design and construct procurement In this system, the contractor will accept some or all responsibility for a design. The contract states expressly the responsibility accepted to clearly outline the extent of liability. The contract may state otherwise depending on the objectives and interests of the client and agreed upon by both parties. Liability in the design and construct procurement system is absolute under which the contractor will warrant fitness for the intended purposes(McDermott, 2016). Some forms of this procurement method can limit the liability of the design of a contractor to ordinary duty as a profession requiring the exercise of ordinary skill and care. When an independent consultant is engaged by the main contractor do not have liabilities which is higher than the normal. Liability acceptance in form of indemnification is more likely to be worthless if not backed by an indemnity insurance cover. It is, therefore, necessary to crosscheck for a valid cover before the appointment(Sourani, 2012). In most cases, contractors don't have in-house designers, the identity of external designers who will be used must be established before acceptance of the tender(Smith, 2013). The requirements of the client are simply a schedule of accommodation and a site plan clearly demarcating their detailed specification. It is the choice of the client to restrict the input of the client to take the supplied scheme. He/she will be left with the task of developing details of the sche me and the production information. It is, however, advisable for the client to rather specify the performance requirements and leaving the full responsibility for design and choice to the contractor(Masterman, 2003). The design and construct method gives certainty about the sum of the contract and also offers benefits on cost. There is a close integration between this method and the relative freedom which the contractor has to use their knowledge of the market and purchasing power. These abilities a competitive price for the client. It is easy to attain a fast start on the site and the ability to formulate a closer integration will result in effective programming. However, preparing a suitable combination of requirements and comparing of schemes of competing tenders will consume a great deal of time. After signing the contract, further changes by the client will be implemented(Mohsini, 2013) Advantages There is a reduced need for committing resources and time to contract separate designers and contractors because the client deals with a single firm. A certainty of price is attained before commencement. The use of a guaranteed maximum price with the option for savings encourages innovation to reduce time and cost. The time for the project is reduced by overlapping design and construction. The input of the contractor in design improves constructability. Disadvantages The building constructed is functional rather than being prestigious. The building is not complex and has reduced technical innovation. There is a high possibility of changing scope design. A single firm is required for both design and construction. Overlapping the design and construction processes are meant to accelerate the project. Management procurement system Management procurement covers contracting, construction, design and management. Operations contracting gives the contractor direct links to contract with the work contractors and is responsible for all the works. Construction management involves payment of a professional fee to manage a program, develop it, coordinate design and construction and improve the constructability of the project by facilitating collaboration(Tookey, 2011). Management contracting The client will employ a professional team which is independent together with a management contractor who will act as advisers at the preconstruction stages and executors of works when construction kicks off by the use of direct works contracts(Masterman, 2003). There is an enabled possibility of making an early on-site leading to achievement of early completion. Flexibility is increased and the client can change design during progress because matters of details and the drawings may be adjusted and completed while work is proceeding. The success of this type of contracting requires trust and collaboration between the client, the contractors, and consultants. Appointment of the contractor should be done before the outline of the design stage. His role is to advise on design, tendering, delivery and construction. The contractor submits written documentation of fees and will be employed after an interview with the design team and the client(Georghiou, 2007). The fee should include total service as a percentage of total cost. The service covering preconstruction should not proceed to the site. Work is undertaken on basis of cost plan, project drawing, and specification. Certainty about program and costs forcing the client to accept almost all the risks. The works packages will be facilitated by competitive tenders with bills of quantities as lump sum contracts. Construction management A contractor will be carefully selected after payment of management fee. Work contracts are direct between the works contractor and the client. The client, therefore, has a greater control and similarly accepts a great deal of risk. The role of the management contractor is to act as an agent and not to project completion within time and costs(Greer, 2002). The construction management has the following advantages as listed below. Reduced contract variations. It allows overlapping of design and construction. Nominated trade contractors are not necessary. Developed documentation. Management expertise is involved in management at an early time. The split of construction activities and work packaging enhances completion of large projects. The confrontation between the construction supervision team and the design team is reduced. Design and manage The contractor accepts responsibility for works contractors and the design team after being paid a fee. The contractor manages the organization and creates project design. He manages works and delivers the project for a fee by employing sub-contractors to for designing and construction. The consultant for project designing and management is the agent to the client who also obtains sub-contracts from works contractors through tenders, who will enter into direct contracts with the client(Dulaimi, 2001). Advantages of management procurement There is flexibility allowing for changes in design. The contractor will assume the risk and the responsibility of design and construction. The responsibilities, risks, and roles of each party are clear. The input of the constructor into design improves constructability. Competitive prices that are current are associated with work packages. Overlapping of construction and design saves on time. There are an improved collaboration and coordination between constructors and designers as a result of dealing with one firm. Disadvantages Certainty of price is poor. The certainty of price will be attained only after letting the final works. The client must be proactive and informed. A close control of information and time is required. Necessary resources must be committed so that design can be complete. The client does not have a direct control over design. Collaborative procurement system Also called the relational system, this type of procurement develops and gains strength from the investigation and perception showing that the industry is fragmented, incapable, adversarial and ineffective(Dainty, 2007). One firm will, therefore, practice by teamwork and partnering. The principles in collaborative procurement should be established at an early stage of the project with the help of independent advisers. The appropriate procedures should be set up and documented. These activities are done to assist selecting procurement route, contracting and formation of tender documents (Goulding, et al. 2012). The implementation of the practice should be discussed in a detailed manner in the pre-contract meetings, start-up meetings of the consultant teams, the special contractor. The construction strategies of the government public projects to adopt design and pre-contract type procurement routes and initiatives of private finance since they are more collaborative. The traditional no n-collaborative systems are considered to be adversarial(Brchner, 2005). Alliancing describes an approach to the management which encourages trust and openness between the parties involved. Success requires the parties to be dependent on one another necessitating a change in attitude, culture, and procedures in the procurement process. It is mostly applicable to projects which are large, long-term and have a high risk(Maltz, 2002). Strategic partnering involves a multiple-project relationship whereas the project partnering refers to a specific project. The system has clear established routes of authority and communication with pre-formed conventions for preparation and distribution of information. Putting of the contractor and consultant team into a common target for cost creates joint pain and joint gain thereby creating a financial motivation(Angappa, 2008). It involves co-location of team members and an initiative for the reward of the clients teams with assessment done on basis of the normal activities. The recognition and reward system keeps the individuals in the team motivated. Communication is enhanced through regular team meetings and workshops to develop teamw ork. Warning procedures are based at the start of a problem and resolution is based on the solution. Continuous benchmarking, assessment, target marking, adaptation, and feedback ensure continued improvement of the building project(Manley, 2004). Advantages The collaboration will encourage high-quality procurement system to be established and developed. Brainstorming will enable the development of creative solutions at an early stage which also reduces the costs. Consistent teamwork establishes relations and will produce better results. Collaboration integrates the process of design and construction. The risks and rewards are shared. It helps in the adoption of efficient processes and procedures. Emphasis is put on the elimination of duplication which wastes time and resources. It forms a pool of resources that is secure. Disadvantages Reduced responsiveness to change. Obligations are taken up by the client. There is limited flexibility to take up better upcoming solutions. Conclusion The client has an open freedom to choose a system that best satisfies his objectives and should seek the services of an independent advisor. A consideration which should be put in practice is the identification of all prevalent risks and formulate an early solution to overcome. The factors that influence the selection of a strategy to selected involve the external factors of economy, commerce, technology, and the social and legal frameworks. The resources that the client has, the characteristics of the project and the level of flexibility are significant considerations. Other considerations will include cost issues and timing. References Angappa, G., 2008. Concurrent engineering: a strategy for procuring construction projects. International Journal of Project Management, 16(6), pp. 375-383. Brchner, J., 2005. Managing information flow in construction supply chains. Construction Innovation, 5(1), pp. 71-82. Dainty, A., 2007. Perspectives of UK housebuilders on the use of offsite modern methods of construction. Construction Management and Economics, 25(2), pp. 183-194. Dulaimi, M., 2001. Empowering innovative improvements through creative construction procurement. Engineering Construction and Architectural Management, 8(5), pp. 325-334. Georghiou, L., 2007. Public procurement and innovationResurrecting the demand side. Research Policy, 36(4), pp. 949-963. Greer, J., 2002. Partnerships and public procurement: building social capital through supply relations. Public Administration, 80(3), pp. 503-522. Jack Goulding, Girma Zawdie, 2012. Construction innovation and process improvement. 7 ed. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Maltz, A., 2002. Becoming an" interesting" customer: Procurement strategies for buyers without leverage. International Journal of Logistics, 5(2), pp. 177-195. Manley, K., 2004. Key influences on construction innovation. Construction Innovation, 4(3), pp. 143-154. Masterman, J., 2003. An introduction to building procurement systems. , .. 5 ed. New York: Routledge. McDermott, P., 2016. Strategic and management issues in construction procurement. Procurement systems, 4(1), pp. 3-26. Mohsini, R., 2013. Knowledge-based design of the project-procurement process. Journal of computing in civil engineering, 7(1), pp. 107-122. Roberts, J., 2010. The economics of modern manufacturing: Technology, strategy, and organization. The American Economic Review, 21(4), pp. 511-528. Smith, A., 2013. Building procurement. 2 ed. New Jersey: John Wiley Son. Sourani, A., 2012. Barriers to addressing sustainable construction in public procurement strategies. Building procurement, 2(17), pp. 93-107. Tookey, J., 2011. Construction procurement routes: re?defining the contours of construction procurement. Engineering Construction and Architectural Management, 8(1), pp. 20-30

Maatschappij Essays - , Term Papers, Research Papers

Maatschappij Pressiegroepen hebben meer kans op succes als: er eensgezindheid is en veel macht dat word uitgeoefend door de grote. Burgerlijke ongehoorzaamheid: burgers overtreden bewust de wet om een maatschappelijk vraagstuk aan de orde te stellen. Het geeft vooral minderheden in een democratie de kans zich te verzetten tegen besluitsvormingen. Gericht op algemeen belang,vind openbaar plaats, geweldloos, kiezen voor dit middel als legale manieren naar hun mening te kort schieten. 6.3 politieke partijen probeert op basis van een samenhangend geheel van ideen, mensen te mobiliseren om zich te bemoeien met de inrichting van het bestuur van de samenleving als geheel. Articulatiefunctie: zetten wensen en eisen op de politieke agenda. Communicatieve functie: nemen een standpunt in ten aanzien van verschillende kwesties en informeren daardoor de kiezers ook over het overheidsbeleid. Aggregatiefunctie:het samenbrengen van ideen tot 1 partijprogramma. Participatiefunctie: door informatie en meningsvorming proberen partijen burgers over te halen politiek passief of actief te worden in hun partij(lidmaatschap). Recruterings- en selectiefunctie: politieke partijen dragen voor functies in de politieke kandidaten voor. Zonder politieke partij is het voor iemand veel moeilijker om gekozen te worden Hoofdstuk 7 7.2 Knelpunten in de politiek Een Democratisch systeem heeft beperkingen, die nodig zijn om de rechten van de minderheden te waarborgen, om een soepele besluitvorming te garanderen of om internationale afwegingen te kunnen maken. De regering wordt niet gekozen In Nederland kiezen we de kandidaten die ons vertegenwoordigen in onder meer de gemeenteraad en de Tweede Kamer. De regering kiezen we niet. In een directe democratie kunnen de burgers ook direct stemmen over belangrijke besluiten en hebben hierdoor veel rechtstreekse invloed op het beleid. Ook in de presidentile stelsels hebben de kiezers meer invloed op het beleid, omdat ze de president als hoofd van de regering kiezen die vervolgens zijn of haar kabinet vormt. De minister-president komt meestal voort uit de grootste partij van de regeringscoalitie, maar het is goed mogelijk dat de grootste partij geen deel uitmaakt van het kabinet. Ministers worden aan het eind van de kabinetsformatie benoemd en zijn vaak mensen die in het bedrijfsleven of bij de overheid hun sporen hebben bijverdiend als bestuurder, waardoor ze bij het grote publiek vaak onbekend zijn. Dictatuur van het regeerakkoord Het regeerakkoord vertroebelt de rolverdeling tussen parlement en regering. Hoe gedetailleerder het regeerakkoord, hoe moeilijker het voor de Kamerleden wordt om hun eigen rol te spelen. Het dualisme wordt dan aangetast. Ongelijke toegang Vormen van ongelijke toegang tot de politiek: - Volksvertegenwoordigers zorgen ervoor dat problemen en ideen vanuit het hele land verhoord worden en ze zorgen ervoor dat provincies met elkaar verbonden blijven. Binnen de politiek zien we dat vooral de mensen die zich goed kunnen manifesteren carriere maken. Zij vormen het partijkader waaruit de kandidatenlijsten bij verkziezingen worden samengesteld. - De politieke cultuur en de manier van debatteren houden veel mensen buiten de politiek. Politici gebruiken te veel moeilijke woorden jargon. - De toegang tot politiek is voor nieuwe onervaren politici moeilijker. Afnemende invloed parlement De machtsverhouding tussen het parlement en de regering is ongelijk. De regering heeft meer macht en dat komt doordat het regeerakkoord ervoor zorgt dat Kamerleden van de regeringsfracties hun eigen afweging niet meer mogen maken. Het verschil in informatie tussen regering en parlementarirs is groot. Een minister heeft namelijk veel ambtenaren achter zich staan, terwijl een Kamerlid alleen n of twee medewerkers achter zich heeft. Vooral bij kleinere partijen moeten de kamerleden zich in meerdere onderwerpen verdiepen dit maakt het makkelijker voor ministers om lastige vragen van Kamerleden te ontwijken het wordt moeilijker voor het parlement om de regering te controleren. 7.3 Beperkte politieke participatie 1970 Mensen hadden niet alleen het recht om te stemmen, maar ze waren ook verplicht om van dat recht gebruik te maken. Die opkomstplicht werd afgeschaft, daardoor is het opkomstpercentage gedaald. Het opkomstpercentage verschilt sterk per bestuurslaag. BV: Bij de verkiezingen van de tweede kamer kwamen er meer mensen stemmen, dan bij de verkiezingen van de provincie. De opkomst van stemgerechtigden voor de gemeenteraad verschilt sterk per gemeente.BV: In Utrecht was het percentage stemmers lager dan in Amsterdam. Absoluut dieptepunt vormen de verkiezingen voor het Europees Parlement: In 2004 nam slechts 39.1 % van de kiezers de moeite om zijn stem uit te brengen. Een lage opkomst is om een aantal redenen ongwenst: Een lage opkomst geeft geen goede afspiegeling van de in de bevolking levende opvattingen. De mensen die stemmen, krijgen

Free Essays on The History Of The Ku Klux Klan

The History of the Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) is one of America's oldest and most feared groups. Driven by the dream of a world with only one master race, the KKK often uses violence and moves above the law to promote their cause. They didn't start of violent, or to promote white supremacy. They have been in the shadows for over 130 years and continue to thrive in America's society today. The Ku Klux Klan began almost accidentally during the reconstruction period after the civil war in the Southern United States. The southern people had suffered greatly from the effects of the great war. Many of them lost their homes and plantations. Many also lost friends and loved ones to the war. The people needed a release from the sorrow of everyday life. In 1865, six men from a small town in Tennessee accidentally began what has grown to be the largest and most feared "hate group" in the country. The men decided to make a club to help release the stress of the times. The men were all poor and could not afford to make gowns or great costumes for the group, so they decided to use linens. They wore the linens over their backs and put pillowcases on their heads. They also draped the linens over their horses. The Ku Klux Klan was going to ride for the first time. In the beginning, the men wanted to do nothing more than play pranks on people. However, the people were more frightened than they were cheered up. They soon realized what they could do with these fear tactics. The South had turned into a place that was no longer theirs. The slaves were now free (many of these men were slave owners) and carpetbaggers were coming from the North to take advantage of the southern people. They saw the opportunity to set back the South to what it had been. The KKK soon began to ride through political rallies of the carpetbaggers. People often fled the rallies out of fear. Word quickly spread across the South about these masked men. Many people... Free Essays on The History Of The Ku Klux Klan Free Essays on The History Of The Ku Klux Klan The History of the Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) is one of America's oldest and most feared groups. Driven by the dream of a world with only one master race, the KKK often uses violence and moves above the law to promote their cause. They didn't start of violent, or to promote white supremacy. They have been in the shadows for over 130 years and continue to thrive in America's society today. The Ku Klux Klan began almost accidentally during the reconstruction period after the civil war in the Southern United States. The southern people had suffered greatly from the effects of the great war. Many of them lost their homes and plantations. Many also lost friends and loved ones to the war. The people needed a release from the sorrow of everyday life. In 1865, six men from a small town in Tennessee accidentally began what has grown to be the largest and most feared "hate group" in the country. The men decided to make a club to help release the stress of the times. The men were all poor and could not afford to make gowns or great costumes for the group, so they decided to use linens. They wore the linens over their backs and put pillowcases on their heads. They also draped the linens over their horses. The Ku Klux Klan was going to ride for the first time. In the beginning, the men wanted to do nothing more than play pranks on people. However, the people were more frightened than they were cheered up. They soon realized what they could do with these fear tactics. The South had turned into a place that was no longer theirs. The slaves were now free (many of these men were slave owners) and carpetbaggers were coming from the North to take advantage of the southern people. They saw the opportunity to set back the South to what it had been. The KKK soon began to ride through political rallies of the carpetbaggers. People often fled the rallies out of fear. Word quickly spread across the South about these masked men. Many people...

Looking at the primary documents in Gjerde, p. 275290, compare how the Essay

Looking at the primary documents in Gjerde, p. 275290, compare how the authors define and describe certain ethnic groups. Then, looking at John Higham and Hane - Essay Example Between the chauvinistic purposes for which the concept of national character was used, and the irrationality with which it was supported, it fell during the 1930's into a disrepute from which it has by no means fully recovered. The Skepticism of John Higman, the conflicting nature of the images of the American as an individualistic democrat or as a conformist democrat would have seemed simply to illustrate further the already demonstrated flimsiness and fallacious quality of all generalizations about national character (Gjerde, 1998). According to Haney-Lopez, the inhabitants of one country may, as a group, evince a given trait in higher degree than the inhabitants of some other country amounts almost to a denial that the culture of one people can be different from the culture of another people. To escape the pitfalls of racism in this way is to fly from one error into the embrace of another, and students of culture -- primarily anthropologists, rather than historians -perceived that rejection of the idea that a group could be distinctive, along with the idea that the distinction was eternal and immutable in the genes, involved the ancient logical fallacy of throwing out the baby along with the bath. Accor dingly, the study of national character came under the special sponsorship of cultural anthropology, and in the 'forties a number of outstanding workers in this field tackled the problem of national character, including the American character, with a methodological precision and objectivity that had never been applied to the subject before. Every person, in addition to having their own personal identity, has a good judgment of who they are in relation to the larger community-the nation. Each nation, province, island, state, neighborhood and individual is its own unique union of history, culture, language and tradition (Gjerde, 1998). Children are raised to correlate with nation in lieu of unity and government. Communities and culture give people their identity. It is not some secret that human have migrated since their emergence as species. Their original differentiation into ethnic groups appears to have been a result of isolated development of separate groups of people who journeyed from a central point of origin. However, this isolation is not complete, for migrations resulted in complicated patterns of blood relationship through widely separated groups. Sadly nowadays, there are about a thousand people who migrate to other countries. Their reasons might be personal. They might be either interested or they just want to experience new cultures in other places. Or simply because they got tired of the place they situated and want to experience something new. Migration in a sense means the breaking up and scattering of a people. While this may be advantageous to many people who have good reasons for migrating, it also affects the traditions of the place they're leaving . (Gjerde, 1998) Sources say that the rate of migration has increased. Although, there were some minor differences between them by size of vicinity. It is recognized that most males would likely go to a medium-size and extra large

Mid-term history exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mid-term history exam - Essay Example He questioned Pope’s authority also, by saying that, â€Å"pope †¦cannot remit any penalties other than those which he has imposed either by his own authority or by that of the Canons (Luther, 5). With these words and similar arguments in his theses, Luther was questioning the concept of merit â€Å"held by Catholic Church† and was protesting against â€Å" those preachers of indulgences†¦ who say that by the pope’s indulgences a man is free from every penalty, and saved† (Luther, 21). Though probably Martin Luther had no idea as to what he had started, his criticism and revolt against the indulgences were sharp and focused. Historians have observed that though Martin Luther had expected â€Å"his theses to provoke scholarly debate, †¦(he) could not have anticipated the dramatic public response† (McNeese, 5). The Roman Catholic Church was in those days, literally â€Å"selling indulgences†, which were â€Å"traditionally gran ted to someone when he or she confessed a sin† (McNeese, 4). It was when the sinner was performing a penance â€Å"to receive forgiveness†, that the Church had to issue an indulgence (McNeese, 4). This is explained as â€Å"an act of piety, to help provide complete forgiveness and to prove that the sinner was, indeed, sorry for having done wrong† (McNeese, 4). But â€Å"by the Middle Ages, the doctrine of indulgences allowed people to pay money (to the church) rather than a pious act† (McNeese, 4). Martin Luther was primarily revolting against this sale of indulgences. Secondly, by the 15th century, Pope Sixtus IV claimed to have the power to release the souls of the dead from the penance they were experiencing in Purgatory† (McNeese, 4). This prompted people to â€Å"buy an indulgence to help expedite a deceased loved one’s release from Purgatory† (McNeese, 4). It was against this â€Å"profiteering† of the church from the indul gences that Martin Luther mainly published his 95 Theses. When it was published, the church wanted him to â€Å"confess his wrong† doing, he did not yield to that, and the pope excommunicated him (McNeese, 5). Soon after these developments, Luther developed his own theology and it stood for â€Å"salvation through faith in God rather than through ceremonies and good works† (McNeese, 6). He negated priesthood also (McNeese, 6). Luther also criticized the Popes who were indulging in â€Å"extravagance and luxury† (McNeese, 4). Luther believed religion to be a personal thing for each and every individual when he said, â€Å"every truly repentant Christian has a right to full remission of penalty and guilt, even without letters of pardon† (Luther, 36). Gradually, the 95 theses of Martin Luther became the spark that initiated the fire of protestant reformation (McNeese, 6). At a culmination point of this religious movement, Lutheranism became the official reli gion for some German states and Sweden (McNeese, 7). Calvin developed Luther’s ideas and spread them to Switzerland, France, Scotland and England (McNeese, 7). England, embraced Protestantism, wholeheartedly. Later in England, a counter-reformation was led by Catholic Church, which was only partially successful (McNeese, 9). But Luther regretted his preaching, when reformation turned into a peasants’ revolution in Germany (McNeese, 7). More bloodshed and hostilities followed throughout the reformation and the

Situation of the local baths Essay Example for Free

Situation of the local baths Essay I am deeply honored to correspond with the local council regarding the situation of the local baths. It is also a privilege to interact and work hand in hand with the proper authorities concerning this matter. Through this one, I can be a good servant then. A question can be asked in any moment regarding the safety of the local baths. Will there be a guaranty concerning its safety? Is it complete with safety precautions? Well, every persons primary concern in going to the local baths is safety for their life and limb. Normally, it would be the responsibility of the management of local baths to make sure that every person will be guaranteed complete safety. Indeed, it is my duty to correspond with the over-all local council in dealing with this very important matter. I just hope that my recommendations will be given enough attention for appropriate review. It is a common knowledge that high tides are a hazard to the swimmers especially during Christmas and New Year season. It will prevent them from enjoying their stay in the establishment. Others are also concerned in the availability of safety precautions in whatever kind for them to be safe. Heavy tides in the sea tend to break over the cemented barrier or any barrier found in the area that will cause a back swell causing swimmers to be dragged over the northern promenade into the ocean. Is it not dangerous? That is why effective safety precautions were incorporated into the local baths to prevent any damage. I have taken so many safety precautions then. It include placing warning signs in prominent positions and installing a safety chain across the northern area. The safety chain serves to keep the people from going too far from the northern side of the pool that is known to be dangerous. Aside from that, a loud speaker system has been built in order to regularly warn any person using the pool to avoid any damage. The loudspeaker was useful because it reaches people staying in the northern poolside. There is also an organized storage of safety and rescue equipment being placed in an accesible position. However, dangers cannot be avoided in any time. This is so because high tides in the sea cannot just be controlled by human power without exerting extraordinary efforts. The problem was not so alarming until one incident happened that made the management uneasy. In this particular year, a peculiar thing happened that causes alarm to the people. What happened was that when the north-easterly swell and winds have created very heavy surf, some people are affected by it. That happened during the last Saturday of December. At that time, I boldly announced over the loudspeaker system that waves breaking onto the poolside are very dangerous. With all diligence, I gave instructions to the people in the swimming pool area to leave the northern end of the pool. That was one way of doing all my efforts together with the other employees to avoid damages due to the surf. Despite the announcement that was given to the effect that no one should stay in the northern end of the pool, three people have refused to move from the same. They ignored the instruction that was given for their benefit. That was indeed problematic and dangerous. As I walked towards the three people, a very large wave drags them back into the dangerous surf. I was shocked but tried to control myself to be able to face the situation appropriately. In fact, I voluntarily tried to radio for the surf and rescue helicopter for immediate actions. As a result, two people are rescued without any harm except the third person who was seriously injured due to the large wave that struck him. With this point at hand, there is a need to overhaul the system of operating the local baths in the area of safety. There are so many factors that causes the injuries of the swimmers in the pool. These things may have something to do with the negligence of the management and even on the side of the swimmers. The loudspeaker system is not so effective. While it was true that the swimmers were given announcements whenever there is danger, but that was not enough. Hence, what is really needed was trained lifeguards that are present in the poolside area. Lifeguards are trained employees that are responsible for the safety of the people while present in a recreational water areas. Generally, lifeguards are the people who observe swimming activities, anticipate problems and identify emergencies, give immediate first aid and report incidents in the sea (â€Å"Lifeguards†, 2007, p. 1). Therefore, it is respectfully recommended that trained lifeguards be hired to be able to make the operation of the local baths more safe and productive. The rationale of the recommendation is to give credence to the fact that hiring additional people is more logical than allowing any serious injuries and even death to happen. The presence of the lifeguards will surely prevent any accident in the local baths whether swimmers are obedient when there are announced instructions through loudspeaker system or hardheaded for that matter. In line with these, lifeguards must be trained with respect to basic techniques, rescue, aquatic injuries first aid lessons and effective coordination during emergency situations. Aside from that, the course of their training must include observation and scanning ability in the swimming pool area. The local baths needs men to do surveillance to avoid the slightest hint of any dangerous surf and heavy winds. In effect, lifeguards can do uninterrupted supervision while swimmers are enjoying in the pool especially in the most dangerous area. Finally, for the local council to approve this recommendation, it is respectfully submitted that the management of the local baths under my leadership will fully execute the policies and regulation for a positive result.

Analysis of Writing Womens Worlds by Lia Adu-Lughod Essay examples --

Analysis of Writing Women's Worlds by Lia Adu-Lughod Writing Women's Worlds is some stories on the Bedouin Egyptian people. In this book, thwe writer Lia Adu-Lughod's stories differ from the conventional ones. While reading, we discover the customs and values of the Bedouin people. We see Migdim, a dominator of the people. Even though her real age is never given, one can assume that she is at the end of her life, maybe in her mid to late eighties. Migdim's life seems to include all the changes inside the Boudin community. Throughout the narrative of her life, we are able to realize the life way and changes within this exclusive society. One of the more in depth stories that Migdim told was how she refused the marriage to the man her father chose for her. It is customary for a woman to get married to her paternal first cousin. Her female relatives made her the tent she was going to live in and brought her some bridal gifts. Migdim refused to eat as well as covering herself in color in order to holdup the wedding. After much objection, Migdim did not marry the man that her father chose. Actuality, her father failed twice trying to arrange a marriage for her. All the way through Migdim's incident with arranged marriages, we can understand the old customs that has to do with marriage. It is obvious that, although women were believed to be obedient, they were capable to effectively convince men. Yet, today there seems to be a sign toward polygamous marriages that are eventu...

Promotion and Price Analysis

The product chosen for its promotion campaign analysis is instant coffee Nescafe produced by Nestle. Before analyzing the promotion campaign, it is important to determine the target audience of Nescafe. In the major part coffee is usually preferred by both male and female at the age of   20 to 45 approximately. Children are usually not allowed to drink much coffee, since caffeine is believed to provoke special hyper reaction. Older people, in turn, are trying to avoid coffee because at this age they are taking special care for their health.Thus, the typical segmentation in the sector can be represented in the following way:Demographic characteristics:men and women from 20 to 45;single/married/married with children;elderly people who prefer decaffeinated coffee.Economic: low, middle and premium segments;Consumption habits:regular buyers, random buyers;those who prefer to drink coffee at coffee bars/ those who prefer to drink coffee at home / those who prefer take-outs;  those who prefer to drink coffee alone/ in a company;psychographical characteristics:people who lead active style of life/passive style of life;people who prefer status/price/taste/convenience;businessmen/students/working people. (Cateora, 1990, p.116)As for Nescafe its target segments are:1. Married and married with children people who prefer to drink coffee alone at home and buy instant coffee on a regular basis. It is caused by the fact that those people are oftentimes busy and they do not have time to brew their coffee. Moreover, those who have children usually face the problem that if they leave the coffee in the coffee machine, their children might tempt to drink it.2.Students who simply do not have coffee machines and prefer instantaneous coffee, which they can easily make at any given time.Thus, we can see that Nescafe is aimed for younger audience as its core segment.  Ã‚   Targeting the younger audience as its core segment, it is very important for the company with such a strong b rand as Nescafe to distinguish the core values for this type of customers. Such values are individuality, independence, pleasure, self-confidence.Thus, the brand is positioned as the one, which has extraordinary taste that you want to enjoy every day. The slogan sounds like â€Å"Don’t let anyone prevent you from enjoying your favorite taste†. The company emphasizes both functional qualities of the product, as well as special feelings that it gives to the customers – pleasure, comfort, and the whole imaginary world that you want to enjoy over and over again. Nescafe is really aimed to be â€Å"Your favorite taste,† as another slogan states. Thus, we can see that Nescafe is professing more individualistic values.However, Nescafe is still perceived as a caring, charming brand, though it gives self-confidence and assures good taste. People choose this brand as they trust its long-standing reputation and think this brand is very reliable. Moreover, it is quit e affordable as well. Since it cares about people, Nescafe, as it was mentioned before, presents something for everybody – a wide range of choice from different type of product to different sizes and prices.Having analyzed the positioning of Nescafe, it is easier to determine the key messages that are being delivered via different channels of communications. The first channel of communication is television with large-scale advertising. The key message that are being delivered is that Nescafe is a wonderful taste that needs to be enjoyed and enjoyed. Global commercial portraying woman in a peculiar garment trying to become unnoticed by her husband to be able to enjoy Nescafe alone is the best proof of that.Thus, we can see that brand managers of Nescafe are emphasizing physical qualities of the product, specifically its taste. However, the TV with its ability to show the wide range of colors, sounds and images is also chosen to make people feel and understand the sophisticatio n of Nescafe’s taste. It was already mentioned that Nescafe is positioned as a premium segment coffee (despite subbrand Nescafe classic). That is why it is crucial to transmit to the audience the very special qualities, the originality of the brand.Thus, on of the original feature of Nescafe appears to be its sophistication, its elite taste. The commercial is trying to convey that if you drink Nescafe, it means that you belong to the chosen circle of people who have exceptional taste, namely elite.The second channel of communication is Internet. In fact, Nescafe has its own web-site separate from the site of the producer Nestle. Nescafe site was created in order to give its target audience ampful information about the product and the brand in particular. It has the description of all the existing types of Nescafe (subbrands), about the new products that appears in the product line. It also tells about the coffee as a physical substance, about its nutrition etc.Thus, the main message that is being delivered via Internet (including Internet advertising) is that brand Nescafe is so diverse, that everyone can find something that suits him/her the best wether it is Necafe Colombie or Nescafe Gold. The message stimulates to try Nescafe and to match the desire with the available product brand.Finally, the third channel of communication is publicity. The latter is achieved by creating different kinds of informational grounds. It can be sponsorship of certain events that are covered by different types of media. It can be informational articles discussing the problem of coffee-drinking. It can also be different special events that are also covered in media.   For instance, in 2004 in England there was a contest the winners of which could experience a luxury balloon flight and stay in the country hotel house.The evnts was transmitted via TV. This was a great informational ground and thus the cause of publicity. The main message that is delivered via publicity is that Nescafe is a reliable trustworthy and responsible brand. Thus, drinking Nescafe one can be sure of its exceptional quality. In other words, publicity is aimed to ensure good reputation of Nescafe and ultimately to form a strong brand loyalty of customers.As for pricing, it is not dependent on the life cycle of the product. Coffee is a product with an extended life-cycle since the taste and the quality of it are unique, and the customers are usually loyal to the brand that can ensure the same quality taste over and over again. Therefore, the pricing of Nescafe is based upon its segmentation. Simply saying the premium segment brands such as Nescafe Gold, Nescafe cap Colombie, Nescafe Alta Rica cost more. They are aimed at elite target audience with more than average level of income.Similarly, there is also an offer for the lower income level people who cannot afford buying premium segment products.   This offer is called Nescafe Classic, which is substantially cheaper than bra nds mentioned before. Thus, we see that Nescafe pricing strategy is more of a marketing tool that allows to cover more of a target audience. Yet, the key target audience for Nescafe still remains people with more than average income segment that can afford buying elite products.In conclusion, it is important to say that Nescafe is aimed to embrace as big audience as possible. However, its primary focus is on younger people with middle and high income, who are self-confident, active and enjoy pleasure. The company positions its brand as the one giving tempting taste that you want to enjoy. Since the brand is designed to embrace wide circle of customers, the company uses differentiation while pricing the product, giving its customers the opportunity to choose from different types and sizes.The key messages that Nescafe is trying to deliver depends on the channel of communication. yet, the main messages emphasize Nescafe’s exceptional taste, reliability of the brand and its pecu liarity varying on the subbrand, so that everyone can find something that suits him/her best.ReferencesApplbaum K. â€Å"The Marketing Era† Routledge, New York, 2004 Brown S. â€Å"Imagining Marketing: Art, aesthetics and the avant-garde† Routledge, London, 2000 Cateora P. †International Marketing†, 7th ed. Irwin, Homewood, IL, 1990 Laforet S. (1999)  «Managing Brand Portfolios: Why Leaders Do What They Do† In Journal of Advertising Research, vol.39, p.23 Parsons A. (1996) â€Å"Nestle; The visions of local managers† In The McKinsey Quarterly, no.2, pp.21-22

Music Has Been Around Since The Creation Of Humans

Music has been around since the creation of humans. It is a sound that to us humans is appealing and it s something that we listen to when we are sad, happy, excited, mad, and etc. There are many types of music, but when i look at the type of music that represents reality the most it is hip hop and rap. Hip hop has been around since the 80s but it has become increasingly popular throughout all of our community. Rap artists started out rapping about where they were from and the life they lived, and eventually it turned into rappers speaking about women, their riches and other social things. Hip hop however for some artists it was a way to express themselves and show us what reality actually was for them. They spoke about things such as police brutality, black rights, natural catastrophes, and many other things that we weren t exposed to, or didn t know about. 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